Biome • Enzymes • Neurotransmitters • Immune Systems • Endocrine System
Glyphosate toxicity has the potential to destroy all living reptile, avian, and mammalian species inhabiting the planet by interfering with the neurulation process. Certainly, all those that live in proximity to exposure and in the streams of water runoff are affected.
Phenylalanine, is an essential aromatic amino acid, which is a precursor for the tyrosine. Tryptophan, serotonin, and phenylalanine production is contingent on the glycine-dependent enzyme EPSP synthase needed for their coding. EPSP synthase is created by the lacto-fermenting bacteria living in our intestines. If glyphosate does not kill the bacteria outright it will supplant the glycine in the coding for EPSP synthase making it inoperable. Both results of which will lead to a deficiency of all neurotransmitters. If we have no neurotransmitters how will we connect to supreme consciousness?
Tyrosine is derived from phenylalanine by hydroxylation with the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. Tyrosine is also ingested directly from dietary protein. Catecholamines are neurotransmitters derived from tyrosine. Catecholamine-secreting cells use several reactions to convert tyrosine serially to L-DOPA and then to dopamine (pleasure response). Depending on the cell type, dopamine may be further converted to norepinephrine or even further converted to epinephrine. Catecholamines serve as neurotransmitters, transferring signals from neuron to neuron, as well as hormones, which regulate physiological functions in specific organs such as heartbeat and breathing rate.
Within the biological process of neurotransmitter balance is the living breathing human being, capable of sensing, perceiving, comprehending and rational understanding of the world he inhabits. If any of these enzymes, systems, or transmissions are disrupted, one’s perception of reality becomes distorted. Healthy brain function is dependent on a healthy copper and zinc ratio. Glyphosate chelates metals and other minerals out of the body.
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How Glyphosate affects Neurotransmitters:
i. Glyphosate acts as a disruptor of calcium channel receptors. Calcium deficiencies interfere with the functionality of the calcium channels of presynaptic neurons, limiting the release of the neurotransmitter signaling proteins glutamate, GABA, ACh, dopamine, and norepinephrine.
ii. Glutamate is metabolized to L-glutamine and ammonia by glutamine synthetase (GS), preferentially activated by magnesium (Mg). Manganese, cobalt and iron will also activate this enzyme based on pH values and relative concentrations of the ions. Glyphosate causes deficiency in any one of these minerals limiting the metabolism of glutamate. Increased glutamate leads to hyperactivity, promotes cerebral excitation, and autistic expression.
iii. Glyphosate driven tryptophan deficiency leads to serotonin deficiency and dysregulation of the serotonin GPCR sites which deleterious affects well-being and happiness resulting in an increase in pain/lowering of the pain threshold and increased constipation. Problems with the serotonin pathway are linked to obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD), anxiety disorders, and depression.[i]
iv. Glyphosate induced depletion of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase needed for the breakdown of dopamine, the pleasure and reward response neurotransmitter, leads to neuronal burnout, increased pain, and progressive encephalopathy. Excess dopamine is connected to hallucinations and schizophrenia, defects in memory, motivation, emotion, reward, desire, and addictive behaviors. Furthermore, increased glutamate levels in combination with excess dopamine compounds the risk of schizophrenia.[ii]
v. Deficiencies of dopamine from a phenylalanine deficiency (from lack of Bifidobacteria- and Lactobacillus), leads to neuron death, and dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary pathway effecting hormonal control of pregnancy, and nurturing instincts.[iii]
vi. Deficiencies in dopamine also lead to insufficient epinephrine and adrenaline production, adrenal burnout, and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal/-thyroid axes.[iv]
vii. Acetylcholine (ACh) is the neurotransmitter that activates the vagus nerve and effects sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve transitions through activation of the nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor sites. ACh works with histamine to contract muscles in the lungs. Glyphosate toxicity suppresses Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) transcription which is important for acetyl cholinergic signaling inhibition by degrading excess ACh. AChE is an enzyme in the carboxylesterase family of enzymes which are the primary target of organophosphates and pesticides. Deficiency of which, can lead to over-stimulation of the ACh receptor sites inducing paralysis of the diaphragm of the lungs and muscular system, convulsions, and/or cardiac arrest.[v]
viii. AChE works by breaking ACh into choline and acetic acid. These reactions are necessary to allow a cholinergic activated neuron or muscle to return to its resting state after deactivation. Deficiency of AChE leads to retained activation of the ACh receptor sites: causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses, followed by muscle spasms, paralysis, and ultimately death.[vi]
ix. Glyphosate and vaccine induced alterations in the copper/zinc ratio by effecting AChE activity in the brain leads to over occupation of the acetylcholine receptor sites and a resultant fight/flight state.[vii]
x. Sperm motility is dependent upon the activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor sites (nAChRs) and the cAMP pathways Glyphosate toxicity reduces the number of and immobilizes sperm by interfering with calcitonin and its regulation of these sites. Glyphosate also interferes with mitochondrial function in sperm resulting in male sterility.[viii]
Love is a result of healthy oxytocin levels
xi. The development of the neural tube, neurulation, in fetuses is dependent upon vitamins cobalamin (B12) and folate (B9). This process of primary neurulation is conserved across all species such as amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Neurulation is a self-initiating reflex of DNA expression that is critically self-regulated by the DNA, systemic pH levels, and the signaling action of various enzymatic proteins. Glyphosate causes neural tube defects, microcephaly, and birth defects due to a deficiency in cobalamin (B12) and folate (B9).[ix]
xii. Glyphosate reduces secretion of oxytocin from the pituitary gland and progesterone from luteal cells which can lead to the impairment of fertilization, deregulation of uterine contractions, or failure to maintain gestation.[x] It reduces the maternal instincts of love, nurturing and care for the infant, and the ability to orgasm. The vagus nerve is activated by love or fear.
xiii. Glyphosate (and heavy metals) inhibit aromatase, the enzyme that facilitates the conversion of androgens to estrogens. Placental estrogens normally help mature brain myelin sheaths, the corpus callosum, and preferentially the left hemisphere of the brain. Glyphosate toxicity inhibits the aromatase conversion of androgens constricting brain blood vessels, elevating brain serotonin, and reducing oxytocin levels. Glyphosate-induced estrogen depletion coherently explains white matter asymmetry, low brain blood flow, hyperexcitability, and social anxiety, more especially in autistic males. Insufficient maternal oxytocin at birth limits fetal brain chloride/water balance and depletes GABA concentrations leading to hyperactivity.[xi]
References:
[i] Yassine Ait Bali, Saadia Ba-Mhamed, and Mohamed Bennis. Behavioral and Immunohistochemical Study of the Effects of Subchronic and Chronic Exposure to Glyphosate in Mice. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. 2017; 11: 146. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5550406/.
[ii] Anthony Samsel and Stephanie Seneff. Glyphosate, pathways to modern diseases III: Manganese, neurological diseases, and associated pathologies. Surg Neurol Int. 2015; 6: 45. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4392553/.
[iii] Ibid.
[iv] Ibid.
[v] Glusczak L, dos Santos Miron D, Crestani M, Braga da Fonseca M, de Araújo Pedron F, Duarte MF, Vieira VL. Effect of glyphosate herbicide on acetylcholinesterase activity and metabolic and hematological parameters in piava (Leporinus obtusidens). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2006 Oct;65(2):237-41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16174533.
[vi] Anthony Samsel and Stephanie Seneff. Glyphosate, pathways to modern diseases IV: cancer and related pathologies. Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry 15(3):121-159. January 2015. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283490944_Glyphosate_pathways_to_modern_diseases_IV_cancer_and_related_pathologies.
[vii] Fatemeh Sayehmiri, MSc, Nasim Babaknejad, MSc, Somayeh Bahrami, MSc, Kourosh Sayehmiri, PhD, Mojtaba Darabi, MD ,1 and Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani, PhD. Zn/Cu Levels in the Field of Autism Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Iran J Child Neurol. 2015 Autumn; 9(4): 1–9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4670971/.
[viii] George Anifandis, George Amiridis, Konstantinos Dafopoulos, Alexandros Daponte, Eleni Dovolou, Eleftherios Gavriil, Vyron Gorgogietas, Elli Kachpani, Zissis Mamuris, Christina I. Messini, Katerina Vassiou, Anna-Maria G. Psarra. The In Vitro Impact of the Herbicide Roundup on Human Sperm Motility and Sperm Mitochondria. Toxics. 2018 Mar; 6(1): 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5874775/.
[ix] Anthony Samsel and Stephanie Seneff. Glyphosate, pathways to modern diseases II: Celiac sprue and gluten intolerance. Interdiscip Toxicol. 2013 Dec. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3945755/.
[x] Wrobel, MH. Glyphosate affects the secretion of regulators of uterine contractions in cows while it does not directly impair the motoric function of myometrium in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2018 Jun 15;349:55-61. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29705296.
[xi] Good, P. Evidence the U.S. autism epidemic initiated by acetaminophen (Tylenol) is aggravated by oral antibiotic amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin) and now exponentially by herbicide glyphosate (Roundup). Clinical Nutrition ESPEN. 2018 Feb;23:171-183. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29460795.